- Collagen Synthesis:
Vitamin C acts as a cofactor for the enzymes prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase, which are essential for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen. This process stabilizes the collagen triple-helix structure, ensuring strength and integrity of connective tissues such as skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. - Wound Healing:
Adequate vitamin C levels promote fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and epithelial regeneration, all of which accelerate wound closure and tissue remodeling. - Antioxidant Function:
As a potent antioxidant, vitamin C protects cells from oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during inflammation and tissue injury. - Immune Support:
Vitamin C enhances the function of immune cells (e.g., neutrophils and macrophages), reducing infection risk in wounds and supporting a clean healing environment. - Deficiency Effects:
Vitamin C deficiency leads to impaired collagen formation, resulting in fragile connective tissues, delayed wound healing, and clinical manifestations such as scurvy.
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